A stepper motor cannot be started by simply applying DC or AC voltage to it. It needs a multiphase pulse train to be propelled.
Instructions
Step 1
Find out from the documentation how many windings the motor has: four or six. Find the motor pinout there as well. If there is no documentation, take a picture of the engine and post it in the forum. There they will recognize him and tell you the pinout.
Step 2
The simplest way to drive a stepper motor into rotation is as follows: - apply voltage to the first winding;
- remove the voltage from the first winding and apply to the second;
- continue to do this until you reach the last winding (fourth or sixth);
- remove the voltage from the last winding and apply it to the first.
Step 3
To reverse the motor, reverse the sequence of energizing the windings.
Step 4
Calculate the motor speed by dividing the pulse frequency in hertz by the number of poles. It will turn out in revolutions per second, to convert it to revolutions per minute, multiply it by 60. To calculate the pulse frequency from the required speed, divide the speed by 60 and multiply by the number of motor poles. The frequency will be in hertz.
Step 5
A more complex and accurate way to control a stepper motor is as follows: - apply voltage to the first and second windings;
- remove the voltage from the first winding, continuing to supply it to the second;
- while continuing to supply voltage to the second winding, apply it to the third;
- remove the voltage from the second winding, continuing to supply it to the third;
- and so on along the ring. The torque will double, the step will decrease by the same amount. When calculating in the way indicated in step 4, you will have to multiply the number of motor poles by two in both cases. Use the same method for reversing the motor as described in step 2.
Step 6
Do not forget to short-circuit the motor windings with diodes connected in reverse polarity. This will protect the transistor switches in the control circuit from self-induction voltage. Despite this, do not touch the control circuits with your hands, as the diodes can be damaged at any time.
