Drivers with little experience often cannot start the car. They start to turn the key nervously and press the pedals with force, but nothing happens. And even if you start frantically rummaging under the hood, the chances of success will be minimal. You just need to adhere to a certain order of actions. As a result, even if the car cannot be started, in a few minutes you will find out which unit needs repair or replacement.
Necessary
- - tester,
- - screwdriver,
- - keys set.
Instructions
Step 1
Listen to see if the starter is working after turning the key while cranking the engine. If the starter does not turn, listen: the solenoid relay should operate with a slight click. If, after tightening the contacts on the starter, it does not work, you can not get nervous, but go to the car shop for a new starter. If the traction relay does not work, see if the lights on the dashboard come on. If yes, then the problem is in the relay, if not, in the battery. Clean and tighten its terminals, if after that, when turning the key, the panel does not light up, then the battery has sat down. In this case, "light up" by throwing wires from your friend's battery. The car should start, and you will deal with the battery later. An attempt to start a modern car "from a pusher" will not lead to anything good. This method is suitable only for old VAZs and other brainchilds of the Soviet automobile industry or very old foreign cars. If the starter turns sluggishly, especially in winter, the same problems with the battery are likely to arise.
Step 2
If the starter turns well, then the problem is most likely in the ignition or fuel supply systems. Start with ignition. Remove the central wire from the distributor, coming from the ignition coil, and fix its end at a distance of 5-6 mm from any metal part of the car. When doing this, do not hold it with your hands, because it will shock you, and do not allow it to touch metal. When the key is turned, a spark should slip through. If not, ring the ignition coil and its contacts. If the problem is in the coil, then it needs to be replaced, if not - contact the service station. Then everything is much more complicated. If there is a spark, check for a spark on the candles: unscrew them, wrap the threaded part with an uninsulated wire and short it to ground. Turn the ignition key, if there is no spark, then the problem is in the distributor. You need to remove its cover and clean the contacts. If a trace of a breakdown is visible on the distributor slider, replace it.
Step 3
When there is a spark on the spark plugs, the problem is in the fuel supply system. If it is injector, you can close the car and look for a tow truck that will take it to a service station. Even an experienced driver cannot cope with it. In carburetor systems, everything is simpler. Remove the pipe in front of the carburetor and make sure that the gas pump is pumping by pressing the special lever on it. If gasoline does not go, you need to change the pump membrane or its entirety. The next step is to dismantle the air filter to open access to the carburetor. If you press the throttle cable sharply (gas falls), fuel should be supplied to the chamber (the air damper should be open). If not, you need to remove, disassemble and completely clean the carburetor. For a beginner, this task is very difficult.
Step 4
The last diagnosis, if everything is fine, and the engine does not start - the camshaft belt broke or turned. Replacement is carried out at the service station.
Step 5
If the engine starts to sneeze and wheeze, but does not start, especially if there were previously problems that have now been solved (for example, a spark appeared), clean the spark plugs that are simply filled with gasoline.
