In 1975, the Moscow Automobile Plant stopped producing old modifications of the M-408 and M-412. The prepared modernization gave the cars the M-2138 and M-2140 indices, respectively, according to the new GOST, and many major changes.
In 1976, the Moscow Automobile Plant began mass production of cars with the M-2138 and M-2140 indexes, with an improved body, a new interior and bodywork, a modern brake system that meets international safety standards, and a new engine. For the first time, Russian cars receive headlight wipers, heated rear windows, and a number of other small improvements. In the same 1976, vans and station wagons were modernized.
In 1979, a simplified model "Moskvich-21406", popularly nicknamed "Kolkhoznik" for its increased cross-country ability and towing qualities, was released into the series. Reinforced suspension, front drum brakes, towing eyelet as standard make this machine indispensable for operation in the Russian outback.
For export, the improved M-1500SL, M-2140-117 are produced, which are completed with a number of elements produced in the GDR and Yugoslavia. These cars were distinguished by a high dashboard, extensive use of chrome-plated parts, and a comfortable interior trim.
In 1982, the M-2140 received a small cosmetic upgrade, the body trim was simplified, all chrome parts were removed, and some modern elements were introduced. All modifications were completely discontinued by 1988.