The constant velocity joint (CV joint) provides a smooth transfer of motion from the gearbox to the wheel hub. It consists of four elements that affect the operation of the mechanism. The hinge is virtually indestructible if operated under ideal conditions. But destroyed anthers and aggressive driving style lead to quick wear of the CV joint.
CV joint, also known as a constant velocity joint, also known as a "grenade" among the people, participates in the transmission of torque from the gearbox to the wheel hub. These devices are widely used in front-wheel drive vehicles. The CV joint allows the hub to be rotated simultaneously with its rotational movement.
And this is due to the hinges in the metal body of the grenade. But the CV joint can also be seen in the designs of rear-wheel drive vehicles, in which the suspension is independent, as well as in all-wheel drive vehicles. Only the hinges will differ in the form and method of attachment to the shafts. But the main thing in them is the principle of work, it remains unchanged.
Hinge device
If you look at the name, it might seem like a very complex construction. But in fact, the first CV joint, created back in 1927, is no different from its counterparts from our time. Simplicity is the key to durability. Indeed, if the operation of the hinge takes place in conditions close to ideal, then it will outlive not only all the units of the machine, but also the car itself.
Four main parts are included in the grenade:
- a metal case in the shape of a sphere-bowl, as well as a driven shaft;
- separator (ring with a certain diameter of holes that hold the balls);
- an inner ring, which is a fist in the form of a sphere, as well as a drive shaft;
- the most important detail is the six balls.
Due to this simple and reliable design, the rotary motion is transmitted smoothly. No driveshaft can compare with a CV joint.
Grenade work
It is best, of course, to remove the boot from the grenade, hang the wheel and, while scrolling it, look at the operation of the mechanism. This will turn out to be a very visual aid. Just remember to turn the wheel left and right, as if you were driving a steering wheel. In general, the work process is as follows:
- both in the body and in the inner cage, there are grooves in the form of a sphere;
- balls are held by a separator, located between the metal body and the fist;
- along the inner diameter, the balls of the CV joint move directly along the grooves of the fist, and along the outer diameter - along the same grooves of the casing;
- the drive shaft of the CV joint rotates and constantly transmits the torque through the fist and metal balls directly to the inner cage with the driven shaft;
- when the angle between the shafts changes (the steering wheel moves), the CV joint balls easily move strictly along their grooves, they continue to transmit the torque in full.
