When the starter does not crank up a working engine and the battery is in order, the problem lies in the starter. If it does not work, check its operability - the traction relay may be to blame. Check the starter motor, and if it works, check the brushes.
It is necessary
screwdriver, low resistance wires, vise, 12V lamp
Instructions
Step 1
Remove the starter and carefully, so as not to damage the device, clamp it in a vice. Take two low resistance wires (the wires are perfect for charging the battery or "lighting" with clips) and connect them to the bottom terminal and the starter housing. Connect the wire from the body, respectively, to the positive and negative poles of the battery. If it works, it will work by starting to spin. In this case, check and, if necessary, replace the traction relay.
Step 2
If the starter does not rotate, check the starter windings and its brushes. Raise the uninsulated brushes, disconnect the shunt coil lead from the uninsulated brush holder, remove the insulated brush holders by unscrewing the mounting screws. Take a 12V bulb on two wires and connect to the starter body and winding lead. If it lights up, the winding does not break through to ground. In this case, the starter must be connected to the battery. Check the armature for turn-to-turn closure on a special stand. If you smell burnt insulation during disassembly, install a new starter without spending money on diagnostics.
Step 3
If the windings are intact, the problem lies in the starter brushes. Check their integrity with the same light bulb, leading the wires to the insulated brush holder and ground. Just replace these parts and the device will function normally.
Step 4
In the event that the starter turns on, but does not turn the engine, the problem lies in the bendix. Remove it and install a new one. If the starter turns hard, and the lamps on the dashboard and headlights go out, this means that the starter "takes over". In this case, just check all the contacts, as well as the voltage supplied by the battery. If everything is fine, remove and disassemble the starter. There is probably too much friction between its parts. To fix this, change the bushings. This is also one of the signs of starter winding breakdown. How to check them was described above.
