The first Soviet car is the AMO-F-15, produced from 1924 to 1931 at the Moscow Automobile Plant. This model was distinguished by its ease of operation, as well as comparative convenience for the driver, which was the key to the rapid spread of this car.
The history of the creation of AMO-F-15
The prototype of the first Soviet car was the Italian FIAT 15 Ter truck, in the design of which the Soviet developers made some changes.
The first work on the MAZ base began in 1924, when Soviet designers received a series of 163 drawings from Italy, on the basis of which they developed 513 additional ones. The plant also had two copies of the FIAT 15 Ter. The country's leadership then appointed Vladimir Ivanovich Tsipulin as the chief designer, and B. D. Strakanov, who analyzed the construction of the Italian analogue, I. F. Herman, who was in charge of the bodywork, and N. S. Korolev, who specialized directly in assembly.
The production of AMO-F-15 began in November 1924, and on November 7, 10 of the first cars of this model, painted red, already participated in a proletarian demonstration on Red Square. On November 25, a test run began on the route Moscow-Tver-Vyshny Volochek-Novgorod-Leningrad-Luga-Vitebsk-Smolensk-Yaroslavl-and again Moscow, which ended quite satisfactorily.
As a result, in 1925, the production of AMO-F-15 reached 113 cars, in 1926 - 342 cars, and by 1931 - already 6971 cars.
Design features
AMO-F-15 was equipped with a rear wheel drive and had a maximum carrying capacity of 1.5 tons. The overall dimensions of the car turned out to be relatively small - 5050x1760x2250 millimeters with a weight of 3570 kilograms.
As a result of these improvements, AMO-F-15 were suitable for providing not only for the needs of ordinary transportation of goods, but also used as ambulances, cash-in-transit trucks and closed-type buses.
Compared to the Italian prototype, Russian designers have made a number of changes to the AMO-F-15:
- reduced the car by 80 millimeters, subject to an increase in ground clearance;
- reduced the mass of pistons and connecting rods, and also changed the shape of the piston pin;
- increased the area of the machine radiator in order to compensate for the decrease in the flywheel diameter;
- seriously changed the shape of the hood and simplified the shape of the sidewall locks;
- replaced the wooden spokes on the wheels with disks;
- delivered a Soviet carburetor model "Zenith No. 42", which was produced at the 4th State Automobile Plant;
- finalized the clutch design;
- moved the gas tank from the front shield directly under the driver's seat;
- provided the possibility of dismantling the onboard platform.
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