A turbine is a machine in which a drum, propeller or wheel is rotated by a jet of steam, gas or water and generates energy. The simplest turbines are water wheels and windmills.
Water turbines are used in power plants. They are built near dams and waterfalls. To start the turbine, a jet of water is applied to its blades and makes them rotate. The turbine itself does not produce electrical energy. But a generator is supplied to it, which the turbine makes to rotate, and which in turn generates electricity. The turbine blades can be made in the form of wheels or drums with blades along the edges. Some turbine blades are propeller-shaped.
Steam turbines are driven by a jet of steam. They are used to generate electricity, to rotate ship propellers and to operate pumps. Gas turbines run on waste gas from the combustion of the fuel. A jet of hot gas is directed to the turbine and rotates its blades.
Thanks to the turbine in the engine, the filling of the cylinders with air is accelerated, which allows them to burn more fuel. Due to this, the engine power is noticeably increased.
The operating principle of the turbine is quite simple. The device uses the energy of the exhaust gases, which are forced into the turbine housing through the exhaust manifold. A compressor wheel is installed on the turbine wheel shaft. It compresses air as it rotates and feeds it into the intake manifold. Consequently, the more gas flows through the turbine wheel, the faster it rotates.
A small turbine will spin faster than a large one for the same exhaust energy. However, it is a large constriction in the exhaust gas flow path. This is the reason for the back pressure between the turbine and the combustion chamber. Back pressure is a side effect of using a turbine. Therefore, when choosing it, you should focus on the rpm required to provide the desired response and boost pressure, while adhering to minimizing back pressure.
