The way the electric motor is connected depends on its type. Some of them are connected to the power source directly, while others require the connection of several terminals according to a certain scheme or the use of additional parts.
Instructions
Step 1
To connect a permanent magnet collector motor on the stator, connect a ceramic or paper capacitor with a capacity of no more than 0.5 μF in parallel to the collector-brush assembly. Its operating voltage must be much higher than the supply voltage (taking into account self-induction). Then apply a constant voltage equal to the rated voltage to the motor. The direction of rotation of the output shaft depends on its polarity. You cannot power a motor of this type with alternating voltage.
Step 2
To connect a universal motor, you need one capacitor selected as described above, plus two chokes rated for the current drawn by the motor. Switch on the stator winding and the collector-brush assembly in series, and separate the latter on both sides with chokes. If there are two windings on the stator, connect them in series in the following order: first stator winding - collector-brush assembly - second stator winding. Both windings must be connected in phase so that their magnetic fields are added rather than subtracted. Connect a capacitor in parallel with the input, be sure to after the switch, and not before it, so that you do not get an electric shock from the pulled out mains plug. To reverse such a motor, swap the terminals of the commutator-brush assembly. The direction of rotation of such a motor does not depend on the polarity of the supply voltage. It can even be supplied with alternating voltage, the effective value of which corresponds to the nominal one.
Step 3
Any asynchronous electric motor can only be powered with alternating voltage. Just connect a single-phase motor to the network, and for a two-phase motor, connect a winding with a high resistance to the network directly, and with a smaller one through a capacitor, the capacity of which is indicated on the motor case. Its operating voltage must be at least twice the mains voltage. It is better not to connect a three-phase motor to a single-phase network in a capacitor way, because under load it can stop and burn out. Two voltages are indicated on its body. If the mains voltage coincides with the smaller of them, connect the windings with a triangle, and if with a larger one - with a star. Ground the motor housing, do not connect the neutral wire anywhere, and connect the phases to three points of the star or the vertices of the triangle. To reverse, swap any two phases.
