Most electric cars are reversible. This means that many electric motors can also be used as generators. How exactly depends on the type of engine.
Instructions
Step 1
Make sure that no external power is supplied to the engine before using the engine as a generator.
Step 2
To turn the generator into a commutator motor with a permanent magnet on the stator, spin it up to about a thousand revolutions per minute. It will begin to generate a pulsating DC voltage, the polarity of which depends on the direction of rotation. Do not connect a filter capacitor or battery directly to it - when the generator stops, it will start discharging through it. To prevent this, use a diode or reverse current relay. To prevent the battery from overcharging, use a charge current limiter or a relay-regulator.
Step 3
Convert a brushed motor with series or parallel excitation into a generator with independent excitation. To do this, disconnect its stator winding, apply constant voltage to it from the battery, and then spin the engine. Remove the DC voltage from the collector, the polarity of which depends both on the direction of rotation and on the polarity of the supply voltage of the field winding. The power consumed by this winding is significantly less than the power that can be drawn from the generator. When the voltage appears, you can switch the field winding to power from the generator.
Step 4
It is very convenient to use stepper motors as generators. They develop a significant voltage at a relatively low speed. Even by driving such an engine with your fingers, you can make a light bulb, an LED, light up without using any overdrive gears. It has several windings, from each of which you can remove alternating voltage. If you want to make it permanent, use regular bridges.
Step 5
An induction motor will not work as a generator by itself, since there are no sources of a magnetic field on its rotor. Take three capacitors with a capacity of several tens of microfarads. They should not be electrolytic, but necessarily paper. Connect one of them between the terminals for the first and second phases, the second between the terminals for the second and third phases, and the third between the terminals for the first and third phases. Connect the load only after spinning up the generator. Remember that it generates the same high voltage as that for which the motor is designed.
