The car requires coolant to maintain the temperature within a specified interval. Circulating through the cooling and heating system, the liquid changes its temperature many times. Thus, the engine operating mode is normal.
Instructions
Step 1
The cooling system of a car consists of a thermostat, a cooling radiator, an expansion tank, a liquid pump, and several temperature sensors that are installed in the engine block and in the radiator. In addition, the radiator has a cooling fan that turns on when the coolant temperature rises. The interior heating system is connected to the cooling system by means of two branch pipes. The coolant, heated to operating temperature, flows from the liquid pump to the heater radiator. There is a tap in the inlet pipe that cuts off the supply of hot liquid to the heater radiator.
Step 2
The heater radiator has an electric fan that circulates hot air through the passenger compartment using special air ducts. The coolant circulates in two circles - small and large. The cooling circuits are switched over with a thermostat. To simplify the scheme of work, then in a large circle a radiator is connected to the cooling system, and in a small circle it is disconnected. In this case, the radiator of the stove works both in the first and in the second case.
Step 3
The engine heats up during operation, as the fuel mixture explodes in its cylinders and burns out. The metal parts of the engine block heat up very quickly, so excess heat must be removed from it. The coolant is in jackets around the cylinders. This is how the engine block is cooled with liquid. But the liquid is given pressure by a special fuel pump, which is driven from the timing belt or from the generator belt.
Step 4
The pump is an impeller installed in the engine block housing and pumping coolant. In addition, the pump has a bearing that is lubricated with coolant. That is why antifreeze or antifreeze is slightly greasy to the touch. But when heated, the liquid expands, therefore, for such a case, an expansion tank is provided in the system. Excess liquid through the tube goes into it, and when it cools down through another pipe, it enters the system again, thereby maintaining the level in the norm. But the most interesting part is the thermostat. It switches the direction of movement of the coolant.
Step 5
When the temperature rises, the cooling radiator is disconnected from the system and the liquid circulates in a small circle, not having time to cool down to the required level. However, when the temperature rises, the radiator is connected, and the liquid, flowing through its honeycomb, is additionally cooled. When driving at high speed, the radiator is intensively blown by the flow of oncoming air, and when driving at low speed, the fan is turned on. The radiator honeycomb area is quite large, so the liquid is cooled very quickly.
