Depending on the size of the damage and the general condition of the body, it is partially or completely repaired. Partial repairs are carried out when the body is in good condition, when its individual parts need to be repaired. A complete overhaul is necessary for major overhauls, or when most of the body parts are damaged.
Instructions
Step 1
Before complete or partial disassembly for subsequent repairs, thoroughly wash the body. After washing, carefully inspect the body units and parts to determine their condition and the feasibility of repair. This is necessary in order not to clutter up the free space with parts unsuitable for repair. Then disassemble the body (in whole or in part), and, if necessary, the chassis units, if the vehicle has a supporting body structure. Clean the underbody and flush the body again.
Step 2
The effectiveness of body repair depends on the availability of free space, equipment and tools. For the production of body repair, it is desirable to have washing, lifting and other equipment, as well as a mechanized tool.
Step 3
When disassembling the body, fold all the parts in a specific order to avoid clutter and confusion. Subsequently, during assembly, you can quickly find the required part. Raise the front of the body with a jack and place it on a 600 mm high stand. This height provides optimal access to most of the assembled and removed parts.
Step 4
If it is necessary to dismantle the engine, increase the lift height to 700 mm. Using a cart of the correct capacity, it will be easy to detach the engine and roll it out from under the vehicle on the cart. And then it is just as easy to install back You can use the same method to remove and install other massive parts of the car. For example, the rear axle.
Step 5
During disassembly of the body, carry out a simultaneous troubleshooting of parts, dividing them into fit, unusable and subject to repair. Fold the suitable components and assemblies to the side so that they do not interfere. Dispose of unsuitable ones.
Step 6
Deformations of the body and its parts are different. In almost all cases of body restoration, it will be necessary to cut off any aggregates or assemblies that interfere with the repair or removal of other assemblies or assemblies. Use a power tool, hand saw or chisel for this operation.
Step 7
Remove the paintwork from the body partially or completely (depending on the partial or complete repair). Once again assess the condition of the body and its damage, draw up a repair procedure, taking into account the complexity of individual repair operations.
Step 8
To give the part its original shape, use a drift - applying force in the opposite direction than the one that caused the deformation. When punching, use pressure or a hammer starting from the edges of the deformed area towards the center. Apply pressure with a lever or jack so as not to cause deformation at the support points. Take a hammer with a wooden head or a rubber-coated metal head. Use a hand anvil with a hammer.
Step 9
Eliminate irregularities by straightening to give the repaired part its original appearance. For straightening, you will need straightening hammers (trowels), sledge hammers and an anvil with a smooth surface. Apply light and frequent blows to gradually draw out the metal. If there are folds on the part being repaired, begin straightening by straightening those folds.
Step 10
To eliminate bulges on the sheets of body parts, apply the technology of heating and shrinking the metal. To do this, use a narrow flame of an oxygen-acetylene torch or a welding machine to heat the metal at the red-hot point. As it cools, the metal shrinks and absorbs the bulge. For maximum effect, lay out a wet rag around the heated point, and while the metal cools, tap the boundaries of the heated point and the point itself with a straightening hammer or mallet. Do not heat the entire area of the formed bulge. To do this, just select a few points.
