Any circulation of fluid in the car is compulsory. A pump or pump is used to ensure the operation of the fuel and cooling system. Both types of the unit have a different design and their own peculiarities of work.
Motorists call a pump a pump that works in conjunction with an engine. Any car has at least two types of this device. One of them performs forced pumping of coolant, the other distills fuel from the tank to the car engine.
Water pump
The usual location of this special coolant pump is at the front of the cylinder head. Structurally, the pump is a housing in which the impeller is located, fixed on the shaft. The latter is mounted in a pair of bearings (one at each end). The rotation of the shaft is carried out by the transmission of torque through the belt from the engine. A pump malfunction leads to overheating of the motor and its further failure.
There are several signs of a broken water pump:
- indications of the device indicating the temperature of the coolant are in the red sector;
- there is a smell of coolant in the cabin;
- there are extraneous noises (most often a whistle indicating the need for repair, replacement of the pump);
- drops of coolant are visible under the machine (the presence of a leak can be determined by means of a sheet of paper spread under the engine and left overnight).
In some cases, partial repair of the water pump is possible. For example, replacing shaft bearings. However, in order to independently restore this unit, experience and appropriate tools and devices are required. Therefore, it is more advisable to purchase a new pump.
Fuel pump
The purpose of this pump is to supply fuel to the engine. Previously, mechanical pumps were used in carburetor cars. They were driven directly from the engine - a special rod pushed the diaphragm, creating a vacuum and pumping fuel into the carburetor. Today, the vast majority of cars produced have an injection system and an electric fuel pump.
Its functions:
- fuel delivery at a speed of 1-2 l / min;
- ensuring constant pressure in the fuel system (approximately 700 MPa).
A modern fuel pump is an electric motor, to which a working rotor is rigidly connected, which propels fuel. The petrol pump is installed directly in the car's petrol tank. In this case, the fuel plays the role of a coolant and a lubricant. Some car models have 2 pumps: one is considered the main one and is installed under the hood, the second, a working one, is placed in the fuel tank.
