Electric motors are widely used in many technical systems, including automobiles. For the correct connection of an asynchronous electric motor, it is necessary to determine the beginning and end of the stator winding. This is important in cases where the standard pin marking is broken or missing. Incorrect installation of the motor can lead to engine failure.
It is necessary
- - screwdriver;
- - spanners;
- - tester;
- - control lamp;
- - voltmeter;
- - insulating tape.
Instructions
Step 1
Inspect the ends of the windings extending from the motor; in some models, they are brought out to a special clamping board. In accordance with the standards, the stator windings of an asynchronous electric motor have six terminals, provided with the appropriate factory markings: the first phase - C1 and C4; second phase - C2 and C5; the third is C3 and C6. The first designation in each pair corresponds to the beginning of the winding, the second to its end.
Step 2
If there is no terminal board, look for the standard designation of the matched winding phase leads on the metal ferrules.
Step 3
If the compression rings are lost for some reason, identify the beginning of the windings yourself. To do this, first determine the pairs of leads belonging to the individual phase windings using a test lamp.
Step 4
Connect one of the six terminals of the stator winding to the first terminal of the network, and the end of the test lamp to the second. Bring the other end of the lamp to the remaining five leads, one at a time, until the lamp lights up. This indicates that the found two leads belong to the same phase of the winding. Mark the leads by tying colored thread to them or wrapping pieces of electrical tape around them.
Step 5
After determining the phases of the winding, find their beginnings and ends using the transformation method or the phase matching method.
Step 6
In the first method, connect a test lamp to one of the phases, and connect the two remaining phases to the network. The lamp will indicate the presence of electromotive force (EMF) with a weak glow. The glow may not always be noticeable, therefore, as a control device, you can additionally use a voltmeter, determining the presence of EMF by the deflection of the arrow.
Step 7
Having detected the incandescence of the lamp or the voltage on the voltmeter, mark the corresponding ends of the windings with tags marked H (beginning of the phase) and K (end of the phase).
Step 8
Use the second method for determining the beginning and end of the winding for motors with a power of 3-5 kW. After finding the leads of the individual phases, connect them at random in the "star" type. To do this, connect one output from each phase to the network, and connect the rest to a common point.
Step 9
Connect the engine to the mains. If the common point contains all the conditional beginnings of the windings, the motor will immediately start operating in normal mode.
Step 10
If, however, the switched on motor starts humming strongly, swap the terminals of one of the windings. If there is noise, proceed to replacing the leads of the next winding, having achieved the correct operation of the motor.
Step 11
As soon as the electric motor starts working normally, mark all the leads connected to a common point as "ends", and opposite to them - as "beginnings" of the windings.
