A car engine is a device that generates mechanical energy that is needed to move a car. This type of energy is obtained by converting other energy, the source of which is constantly replenished.
Engine types
Today there are gasoline, carburetor, injection and diesel engines. The gasoline engine belongs to the class of internal combustion engines, in the cylinders of which there is a fuel-air mixture that is ignited by an electric spark. It is controlled by air regulation carried out using a throttle valve.
Throttle control is usually performed from the driver's seat - using a lever, push-button or pedal method.
Carburetor engines operate on a combustible mixture, the preparation process of which takes place in the carburetor. The carburetor itself is a special device that mixes fuel with the air flow using aerodynamic forces. These forces, in turn, are caused by the air flow, which is sucked in by the carburetor engine.
In injection-type engines, fuel is injected into the air stream by special nozzles. Fuel is supplied to them under pressure, and dosing is performed using an electronic control unit that opens the nozzle.
A diesel engine is a reciprocating internal combustion engine powered by atomized fuel that ignites when compressed air heats up.
Since a diesel engine does not require fuel vaporization, it can run on kerosene, heavy fuel oil, rapeseed and palm oil, frying oil, crude oil, and many other fuels.
Novelties in engine building
The modern world does not stand still - an electric motor has already been invented, which uses electrical energy for operation, drawing it from fuel cells or storage batteries. The main disadvantage of cars equipped with an electric motor is the rather small capacity of the power source, which leads to a low power reserve.
There is also a so-called hybrid power plant that combines an electric motor and an internal combustion engine, which are linked by a generator. Power transmission in a hybrid vehicle is performed in series (combustion engine - generator - electric motor - wheel) or in parallel. The most common is a hybrid power plant with a parallel arrangement (internal combustion engine - transmission - wheel and internal combustion engine - generator - electric motor - wheel).
