In Russia, the European classification of trucks is used. To drive different types of such vehicles, different categories of rights are required. There are many types of trucks, trucks for public roads are traditionally divided into three classes.
Instructions
Step 1
According to the UNECE inland transport regulations, a truck is a power-driven vehicle with at least four wheels and intended for the carriage of goods. By their purpose, trucks are divided into transport trucks, intended for the carriage of goods, and special ones. They are used as carriers of special equipment.
Step 2
According to the European classification, trucks with a gross weight of 400kg to 6t and a carrying capacity of up to 3.5t are classified as light. They can be roughly divided into four groups. The first includes the lightest vans created on the basis of passenger cars of small and very small classes, with a gross weight of up to two tons (IZH 2715). The second group includes pickups, these are open-body cars with a gross weight from 1, 36 to 5, 44 tons. The most common third group of European light trucks is various vans (utility and cargo), cars with an onboard platform with a gross weight from 2 to 3, 5t (gazelle). All these cars with a total weight of up to 3.5 tons fall under category B. The last group of light trucks - cars with a total weight of 3.5 to 6 tons. Category C is required to manage them.
Step 3
Trucks of the middle class usually include trucks with a gross weight of 6 to 15 tons. Their characteristic feature is that they do not fully utilize the permissible axle loads. The main types of middle-class trucks: chassis with a cab (ZIL 4314), a car with an onboard platform (GAZ 3309) and a truck tractor (ZIL 5423). Dump trucks are produced in small quantities.
Step 4
The heavy class includes vehicles that fully use the axle loads, total weights and overall dimensions permitted by road legislation. Cars with a total weight of over 15 tons are considered to be such. In Russia, there are the following restrictions for heavy trucks. Overall dimensions should not exceed 2.5m in the tire and 4m in height, the maximum length of the road train is not more than 20m. The ultimate axle load on one axle depends on the type of road surface and is 10 tons for I-IV category roads, 6 tons for V - 6 tons.
