The injection system is good in that the operation of all devices is electronically controlled. The driver is only required to press the accelerator pedal to increase the speed and drop it to decrease it.
The fuel mixture injection system has gained popularity, as it has a lot of advantages. For a driver not experienced in technology, the main advantage will be the absence of a suction characteristic of carburetor engines. But the injection system is also controlled by an electronic unit. And this makes it easier to diagnose and adjust the operation of the injection system. True, one cannot do without special diagnostic equipment.
ECU - the basis of the system
The electronic control unit (ECU) is the backbone of the entire system. It is this unit, built on microprocessors, that controls the operation of all units, from the pump to the nozzles. The ECU controls the ignition timing, mixture quality, vehicle speed, and engine speed. After collecting all the information from the sensors, the microprocessor system builds an operation algorithm.
A program is laid in the ECU that controls the operation of the injection system. This program is called firmware. First, information is collected from the sensors, then a comparison is made with the firmware table, and only after that the necessary signal is sent to the actuators (injectors, pump). The quality of the mixture supplied to the combustion chamber depends entirely on the type of ECU firmware. Consequently, the characteristics of the motor will also differ on different firmware.
Fuel system
The tank, in which the level sensor and the electric fuel pump are located, is the first link in the system. From the pump there is a fuel line to the engine compartment, it is connected to a pressure regulator. This regulator controls the gasoline pressure. The pump, pumping fuel, cannot provide the same pressure, it is constantly changing either down or up. The regulator allows you to compensate for such surges, to smooth out the pressure to the working one.
Next comes the fuel rail, in which the gasoline is under constant pressure. The injectors are connected to the fuel rail, which supply the air-fuel mixture to the cylinders. The injectors are solenoid valves, their operation is controlled by an ECU. According to the program inscribed in the control unit, the injectors are opened. The fuel mixture, which is under pressure in the rail, flows through the valve into the combustion chamber.
Of course, the engine will not be full with clean gasoline; it also needs air. Therefore, the system has an air filter connected to the throttle assembly. In addition, the fuel line from the adsorber and the cable from the accelerator pedal are connected to the throttle. With this pedal, the driver regulates the supply of the fuel mixture to the combustion chambers.
