Yesterday, your car pleased with the normal operation of all components and assemblies. But, as always unexpectedly, alarming symptoms appeared in the engine operation: visible smoke from the exhaust pipe started; when measuring the oil level, it can be seen that the engine consumes it much more. Whereas earlier the engine reacted instantly to the movement of the accelerator pedal, now there are delays when pressing the pedal. And now fuel consumption has increased significantly. All this indicates that the compression of the engine is broken.
Instructions
Step 1
Compression problems arise when, during the combustion of fuel, part of the gases does not work entirely to create the full power of the engine, but leaves through the formed leaks in the joints of the engine parts. This leads to additional heating and rapid wear.
Step 2
To determine the cause of the malfunction, check all engine cylinders for compression. Its measurement is carried out using a device - a compressometer. According to the principle of operation, this is a conventional pressure gauge, in which the inlet is made in the form of a tube with a rubber cone nozzle. This ensures that the hole in the inverted spark plug is tightly closed.
Step 3
When measuring compression, two prerequisites must be met:
1. The engine must be warmed up to operating temperature, i.e. there should be no thermal clearances in the parts of the piston system;
2. The rotation of the crankshaft must be carried out using an electric starter.
For control measurements of compression, the maximum values of the readings of the device are taken. After the compression in all cylinders of the engine is measured, determine which of the cylinders is "sick". The difference in the readings of the compression meter between the engine cylinders should not exceed 1 kg / cm 2.
Step 4
Next, find out the reason for the deterioration in compression. This could be:
1. Malfunction of the valves of the gas distribution mechanism, i.e. their incomplete closing at the time of the clock is a working stroke.
2. wear of the piston pair: cylinder - engine piston. But, fortunately, in order for the piston pair to be seriously damaged, wear or malfunction of the piston rings, both compression and oil scraper, first occurs.
Step 5
To eliminate the malfunction of the gas distribution mechanism, a partial disassembly of the engine is required. Remove the cylinder head and lapping the valves. This will eliminate the resulting gap between the valves and the intake and exhaust ports of the engine cylinder head.
Step 6
There can be several reasons for the appearance of a loose connection between the piston and the engine cylinder:
• the piston rings do not lie freely in the slots, but due to poor cooling of the engine, incomplete removal of oil from the cylinder walls by oil scraper rings, they “lay down”, i.e. do not change their size depending on temperature and do not provide a tight connection with the engine cylinder.
• the cylinder walls or piston rings are worn out, due to which they do not fit snugly against each other. As a result, gases from the combustion of the combustible mixture pass into the formed gaps, the normal operation of the engine is disrupted.
Depending on the reason for the deterioration of engine compression, the following methods of restoring it are possible:
Step 7
If the wear of the parts of the piston group is insignificant, then you need to try to restore them by using additives added to the engine oil. They help to restore worn surfaces.
Also add additives to the fuel. They will improve the cleaning of the engine cylinders, prevent the formation of carbon deposits on the valves and, thereby, will help to reduce the wear of engine parts.
Step 8
If the wear of the parts of the piston group has reached a critical level, then in this case it is best to make repairs at a service center.
