In general, the carrying capacity of a vehicle is understood as the mass of cargo that can be transported by a vehicle minus the mass of the driver and passengers in the cab. This characteristic must be known for the correct operation of the transport. Also, the calculation of the carrying capacity allows a more rational use of the rolling stock in the implementation of cargo transportation.
Instructions
Step 1
Understand for yourself that there are different types of capacities. Calculate the vehicle's design capacity as the allowable load that the vehicle is able to carry. The rated lifting capacity, in turn, depends on the quality of the road surface. So, when using transport on a hard surface for cars, it ranges from 500 kg to 14 tons, and for dump trucks, for example, it exceeds 28 tons.
Step 2
Examine the technical documentation for your vehicle. The technical passport must indicate the most optimal weight of the cargo that the car can carry, as well as the maximum carrying capacity, which is prohibited to exceed. These parameters are calculated by the designers taking into account the possible load on the chassis, therefore exceeding the permissible weight can lead to breakdown of individual vehicle components.
Step 3
Examine the car body. In some types of cars, a so-called certification plate is attached to the door frame on the driver's side with information about some technical parameters, which include, among other things, the gross vehicle weight and the maximum permissible load on each axle.
Step 4
When calculating the lifting capacity, take into account the distribution of the load on the rear and front axle of the machine. Maneuverability and safety of driving will depend on the correct placement of the load in the car. For vehicles with more than two axles, the permissible mass consists of the load on the front axle and the rear bogie, which combines the middle and rear axles.
Step 5
Determine what type of payload your truck belongs to. Especially low carrying capacity - up to 1 ton, light vehicles can carry from one to two tons of cargo, the average carrying capacity is 2-5 tons, and vehicles designed for the carriage of goods weighing more than five tons belong to the transport of large or even particularly large carrying capacity.
