Active components, which include a diode, differ from passive ones in that they require a connection in a certain polarity. In addition, when connecting diodes, it is necessary to take into account parameters such as forward current and reverse voltage.
Instructions
Step 1
The cathode of the diode is the negative electrode and the anode is the positive. When a voltage is applied to a diode in this particular polarity, its resistance becomes very small and a significant current can flow; and when in reverse polarity, the resistance becomes very large and the current so small that it can be neglected. But keep in mind that the polarity of the voltage at the output of the rectifier is determined by which electrode is connected to the voltage source. The opposite terminal is connected to the load.
Step 2
For example, if you want to get a voltage at the output of a half-wave rectifier that is positive with respect to the common wire, connect the diode anode to the secondary winding of the transformer, and the cathode to the load. The remaining unconnected terminals, both windings and loads, must be connected to the common wire.
Step 3
A full-wave rectifier will require two diodes and a transformer with a tap from the middle of the secondary winding for its manufacture. Connect the tap to the common wire, and connect the diode anode to each of the extreme terminals of the secondary winding. Connect the cathodes together. Connect the positive contact of the load to the connection point of the cathodes of the diodes, and the negative contact to the common wire. If you change the polarity of turning on both diodes, then you will have to change the polarity of the load.
Step 4
The bridge rectifier consists of four diodes. Take two diodes and connect the anode of one of them to the cathode of the other, and do not connect the remaining leads anywhere yet. This will be the first AC supply point. Do the same with the remaining pair of diodes, and you will have a second AC voltage injection point. Connect the remaining cathodes together, and you get a positive rectified voltage pickup point. Connect the remaining anodes together, and you get the point of removal of the negative rectified voltage. The bridge rectifier, having all the advantages of a conventional full-wave rectifier, does not require a secondary winding to be tapped.
Step 5
If the load is sensitive to ripple, connect the filter capacitor in parallel, observing the polarity. Note that this will increase the output voltage (up to 1.41 times). Do not exceed the following diode parameters: maximum forward current (i.e., the maximum current that can flow through the diode when it is on) and maximum reverse voltage (i.e., the voltage applied to the diode when it is off). Do not touch the leads of parts that are under high voltage (there may be such in secondary circuits), and in circuits that are not isolated from the network - the leads of any parts at all. If filters are present, discharge capacitors before touching parts after power failure.
